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Aragonese (; ''aragonés'' in Aragonese) is a Romance language spoken by between 10,000 and 30,000 people throughout the valleys of the Pyrenees in Aragon, Spain, mainly in the comarcas of Somontano de Barbastro, Jacetania, Alto Gállego, Sobrarbe, and Ribagorza. It is the only modern language that developed from medieval Navarro-Aragonese. While informally known as ''fabla'' ("talk" or "speech"), Aragonese is also commonly referred to by the names of its numerous local dialects, such as ''cheso'' (from Valle de Hecho) or ''patués'' (from the valley of Benasque). ==History== Aragonese originated in the High Middle Ages, as one of many Latin dialects developed in areas around the Ebro and further north in certain spots of the Aragon River, as well as urban centers and monasteries. It expanded to the Pyrenees on top of a strong Basque-like substratum. The original Kingdom of Aragon (formed by the counties of Aragon, Sobrarbe and Ribagorza) was progressively expanded from the mountain ranges towards the South, pushing the Moors farther south in the ''Reconquista'', thereby spreading the Aragonese language. The dynastic union of the Catalan Counties and the Kingdom of Aragon, which formed the Aragonese Crown in the twelfth century, did not result in a merger of the languages of the two territories; Catalan continued to be spoken in the east and Navarro-Aragonese in the west, although with blurred boundaries because of dialectal continuity. The Aragonese ''Reconquista'' to the south ended in the kingdom of Murcia, which was ceded by James I of Aragon to the Kingdom of Castile as a dowry for an Aragonese princess. The outstanding proponent of the Aragonese language was undoubtedly Johan Ferrandez d'Heredia, founder of the lineage and Grand Master of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem based in Rhodes. He wrote an extensive catalog of works in Aragonese and also several works translated from Greek into Aragonese, the first in medieval Europe. The spread of Castilian (the language often simply known as "Spanish"), the Castilian origin of the Trastámara dynasty, and a strong similarity between Castilian and Aragonese meant that further recession was to follow. One of the key moments in the history of Aragonese was when a king of Castilian origin was appointed in the fifteenth century: Ferdinand I of Aragon, also known as Ferdinand of Antequera. The mutual union of the crowns of Aragon and Castile and the progressive suspension of all capacity of self-rule from the sixteenth century meant that Aragonese, while still widely spoken, was limited to a rural and colloquial use, as the nobility chose Castillian as their symbol of power. During the rule of Francisco Franco in the twentieth century and the spreading of compulsory schooling, Aragonese was regarded as a mere dialect of Spanish and was therefore frowned upon (for example, pupils were punished in schools for using it). The constitutional democracy voted by the people in 1978 heralded the debut of literary works and studies conducted in and about the Aragonese language. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「aragonese language」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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